JSAS – A Short History
William Beinart
JSAS was established in 1974 to cater for the growing volume of academic work on Southern Africa and to provide an interdisciplinary vehicle for academic scholarship. The original statement by James Barber, founding chairman of the editorial board, explicitly committed the journal to including ‘conflicting views’ and added that the journal ‘is not intended as a mouthpiece for a particular viewpoint’. Broadly speaking, JSAS was a site for scholarship that was critical of colonialism, minority regimes and apartheid in the region but the editorial board included those who identified both with liberal and radical scholarship. There was some tension between those with differing ideological viewpoints in the early years and a change in the editors reflected this. However, Terence Ranger became chair of the board in 1975 and ensured that the journal, while rooted in radical scholarship, kept a relatively broad church. Although JSAS has published theoretical work through the years, the major emphasis has been on original work of high academic quality that includes new empirical research.
The editorial board of JSAS was based in Britain from the start. The major reason was that the board remained committed to participatory and collective administrative and editorial practices. Papers were discussed and decisions made at meetings, usually quarterly. Editors worked closely with the chair and board members. Most of the reading of papers has been done by board members. In these respects, JSAS differs from many other journals. The practice of joint editorship (usually three) and rotating editors (usually serving from three to five years) also became established early in the journal’s history and this ensured connections with new voices, new ideas and new networks. The board also gradually expanded from about 14 in the 1970s to 40 in the 2010s, incorporating younger scholars, and expanding disciplinary approaches and country specialists. In response to representations from colleagues in southern Africa and north America, JSAS initiated an Advisory Board in the mid-1990s which has now grown to over 30. Members assist with reading submissions and participate in JSAS events.
Special thematic issues have been a particular feature and strength of the journal. Drawing together a number of linked articles they have helped to map innovative directions in scholarship including agrarian, gender, environmental and urban studies. In recent years, the editors have increasingly worked with guest editors on special issues, further broadening the academic networks involved in producing the journal.
The success of the journal and increasing submissions prompted an expansion from two to four issues a year in the 1980s. In 1994, the board decided to switch publisher from Oxford University Press to Carfax (later Routledge). JSAS had been running on a shoestring and more generous financing from Routledge enabled journal activities to be further expanded. The major difference was that editorial duties could be better rewarded and an editorial manager, and later copy editor, appointed. Resources were available to ensure that editors attended key conferences and Advisory Board members could be invited to attend board meetings and events in the UK. Conferences have long been a central feature of JSAS activity and the additional funding has enabled more of these to be held in the region. Several have been organised, working with regional academics and universities, including recent events in Malawi and Zambia. Special issues have been an important outcome.
JSAS has grown enormously in scale. In 2014, the journal marked its 40th anniversary by expanding to six issues a year in order to cater for increasing submissions, especially from the region. The volume of articles published a year has increased over the 40 years from about 10 to 70 with submissions at about three times that number. Dealing with an enterprise of this scale is demanding for the chair of board and the editorial group as well as the readers. But the board remains a participatory group and a very valuable network for ideas and academic innovation. The journal remains committed to consolidating and expanding an interdisciplinary academic approach to the region, encouraging scholars to think across boundaries. A key aim is to foster younger academics and to support an international network of those who research in and on the region.